Bismihi Ta`ala
A muslim should always try to keep his body clean and paak. Cleanliness is half imaan(Muslim). So the greatest challenge in a journey is to keep body clean in the absence of water in the toilet. Facing a toilet cover with urine, etc complicate the next salaah. Because if the diameter of the impurity on the body exceed 5cms by 5 cms, then it becomes wajib to wash it and salaah not valid as such. If the impurity is less than that area, then salaah ok, but still makrooh to proceed like that.
Proceeding to toilets, remember the compass to avoid Qiblah from face and back.
So during such conditions, one should try to use the maximum of tissues to dry clean the cover. Then precautiously use tissues to clean oneself and in the absence of bottle of water or glass, then wet the tissues to clean oneself. If there is a need for ghusl in the plane, then perform tayammum. Good to keep a flat rock with us in case of necessity. In the non accessibility of water and soil or rock, then one should read salaah like that, but then need to replace that salaah later when purity achieved.
*Furthermore, ladies have special travellers maslas as per their menses cycles.*
A lady travelling pure and reaching destination pure will follow the normal sequence of traveller’s maslas.
A lady started travelling during menses and expect to be clean before end of journey should note that her salaah counter will start when she is clean from menses. So if a South African lady going for Hajj during her menses happens that she bath for instance in Dubai, then she will read her salaah full in Dubai. But as soon as she embark on a journey of 77 kms or more, then she is traveller and will do qasr(2 rakaats instead of 4).
Had she been pure in makkah, she would be reading salaah full in makkah. When traveling 77 kms or more or when leaving for madinah, then she would become traveller and will stay traveller from there unless staying an area 15 days or more or reached home city.
A lady went in the path of Allah with her husband from England reach Jordan during her menses. She bath in the city that she will spend her tashkeel of 10 days there. Then she will read all her salaah full during that 10 days. If she proceed to a destination of 77 kms or more, then she will become traveller and do qasr. Since in the path of Allah, the jamaat work with mashwara of markazs and hence the route is subject to change of mashwara, then saathies need not do niyat of Iqaamah even if staying 15 days or more in an area.
Another lady went jamaat from India to Mauritius and she became pure in the way to Mauritius. Suggest she becomes pure 100 kms from Mauritius. She did tayammum for her ghusl by passing her hands on a flat rock and passing over whole face. Then repass on rock to pass over hands including between fingers and elbows. Then she did wouzu in the toilet and prayed salaah. That lady will read 2 rakaats since her destination is still far.
But had she been 50 kms from Mauritius, then she will read 4 rakaats because her counter started at that point and there is no distance of travelling between her purity and destination. So she will complete salaahs.
Consider the following reference from Shami:طَهُرَتْ الْحَائِضُ وَبَقِيَ لِمَقْصِدِهَا يَوْمَانِ تُتِمُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ كَصَبِيٍّ بَلَغَ بِخِلَافِ كَافِرٍ أَسْلَمَ . الشَّرْحُ
( قَوْلُهُ تُتِمُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ ) كَذَا فِي الظَّهِيرِيَّةِ .
قَالَ ط وَكَأَنَّهُ لِسُقُوطِ الصَّلَاةِ عَنْهَا فِيمَا مَضَى لَمْ يُعْتَبَرْ حُكْمُ السَّفَرِ فِيهِ فَلَمَّا تَأَهَّلَتْ لِلْأَدَاءِ اُعْتُبِرَ مِنْ وَقْتِهِ .
But I take the pleasure to take reference of a sahih Hadith on these maslas.
* حَدَّثَنَا الْعَلاَءُ بْنُ زُهَيْرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الأَسْوَدِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ خَرَجْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- فِى عُمْرَةٍ فِى رَمَضَانَ فَأَفْطَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- وَصُمْتُ وَقَصَرَ وَأَتْمَمْتُ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ بِأَبِى وَأُمِّى أَفْطَرْتَ وَصُمْتُ وَقَصَرْتَ وَأَتْمَمْتُ. قَالَ « أَحْسَنْتِ يَا عَائِشَةُ ».
*Hazrat Aisha reported that I went out during a Umrah with the prophet SAW during Raamdhaan. Rasouloullah SAW did not fast while I fasted. The beloved prophet SAW made qasr(2 rakaats) while I read salaah full(4 rakaats). When I expressed myself about that to Rasouloullah SAW, the beloved prophet SAW replied: ‘’You did well, Aisha.’’(Darul Qutni)
Due to extreme heat of difficult travelling, some sahabahs did not fast with the prophet SAW. While others fasted. And the menses maslas can explain the difference between husband and wife salaahs during a travelling.Wallahou A`lam bisawaab.